Title: Newform congruences of local origin for classical and Hilbert modular forms

Abstract: The theory of Eisenstein congruences dates back to Ramanujan’s surprising discovery that the Fourier coefficients of the discriminant function are congruent to the 11th power divisor sum modulo 691. This observation can be explained via the congruence of two modular forms of weight 12 and level 1; the discriminant function and the Eisenstein series, E_{12}. Eisenstein congruences were later used by Ribet in his proof of the converse to Herbrand's theorem.